Wednesday, October 30, 2019

FRACKING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FRACKING - Essay Example cess of Fracking is excused from primary environmental laws, as well as the Safe Drinking Water Act, and gas spills and mishaps are very common (McKenzie, et.al, 2012). People have played an immense role in this environmental issue; it starts from the process of extracting the gas to the transportation of the waste materials. This puts the water bodies and the general health of the human beings a very significant risk. In fact, most individuals who close to the fracking sites have acquired severe illness from drinking water that is contaminated. The tap water has so much methane such that it can even light a fire (McKenzie, et.al, 2012). All this has been caused by the fracking activities and the poor methods of disposing of the waste products. The industries are not allowed to reveal the chemicals used in the process of fracking, and this is an implication that they are aware that they use dangerous materials. Societies with fracking have witnessed deteriorations in the value of property, growths of the crime rate, and decline in local tourism and farming (Finewood & Stroup, 2012). Over 70% of the elements used in this process are likely to be harmful to the eyes, the skin, as well as the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Roughly 50% of these materials are likely to have an impact on the brain cell structure, immunity and cardiac systems, 25% of these are liable to cause cancerous diseases and other body related mutations. Nonetheless, most hazards of the pollutants used in the fracking procedure do not appear instantaneously, and they are long term and entail studies observing into long-standing health effects. Methane is a key constituent of natural gas and it likely to trap heat in the atmosphere 20 times than carbon dioxide; this leads to air pollution (Finewood & Stroup, 2012). The fracking process uses chemical additives in the procedure of drilling mud, and the fluids are vital to this process; this leads to major water pollution. The United

Monday, October 28, 2019

Measuring Youngs Modulus of Copper Essay Example for Free

Measuring Youngs Modulus of Copper Essay Aim: To study the stress/strain behavior of copper wire and estimate the Youngs modulus of copper Apparatus: Copper wire s.w.g.32 about 4 m G-clamp ?1 Wooden block ?2 Metre rule ?4 Pulley on clamp ?1 Micrometer screw gauge ?1 Hanger (0.01 kg) ?1 Slotted mass (0.05 kg) ?8 Slotted mass (0.1 kg) ?6 Slotted mass (0.2 kg) ?4 Slotted mass (0.5 kg) ?1 White label sticker ?1 Safety goggles ?1 Rubber tile ?1 Theory: When a force F is applied to the end of a wire with cross-sectional area A along its length, the tensile stress = If the extension of the wire is ?l, and its original length is lo, the tensile strain = Under elastic conditions, a modulus of elasticity of a wire, called the Young modulus E, is defined as the ratio of the tensile stress applied to a body to the tensile strain produced. where E is expressed in N m-2 or Pascal (Pa). E is a constant when ?l is small according to the Hookes Law which stated that the stress applied to any solid is proportional to the strain it produces for small strain. Therefore, when a material has a larger the value of E, it resists to the elastic deformation strongly and a large stress is required to produce a small strain. E is thus a measure of the elastic stiffness of a material. However, when the extension (deformation) of the wire is too large, beyond proportional limit, solid will no longer obey Hookes law i.e. E is no longer a constant. As the stress further increases, beyond the elastic limit, the wire has a permanent extension that the wire is no longer elastic and it undergoes plastic deformation. The extension increases rapidly as the force on the wire is further increased. The wire elongates and breaks. The stress just before the wire breaks is called the breaking stress. Procedures: Set-up of the apparatus 1. The apparatus was set up on the bench top as shown below The wire was firmly clamped by using a G-clamp so that it does not slip. A white label sticker was fixed on to the copper wire to act as a marker such that it is about 50 cm from the pulley. A metre rule was fixed alongside the wire with the maker for measuring the extension. Performance of the experiment 1. The hanger was tied to the end of the wire so as to straighten out the kinks in the wire and the unstretched length (lo) of the wire from the edges of the wooden blocks up to the marker was measured. 2. A micrometer screw gauge was used to measure the diameter of the wire at different angles for each of the 8 location along the wire. 3. The wire was loaded with slotted mass m in steps of 0.10kg and then 0.05kg and the extensions ?l after each loading were recorded until the wire broke. Data table: Original length of wire lo = (3.000 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.001) m Percentage error in lo= Diameter of the wire (mm) 0.255 0.250 0.225 0.230 0.225 0.255 0.225 0.255 Average diameter of the wire = (0.240 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.005) mm Percentage error in d = Readings for the graph: Load m / kg 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.65 Extension ?l / mm 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Load m / kg 0.70 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 Extension ?l / mm 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 7.5 Broke Data analysis: Youngs modulus, where F is the tension in the wire and A is the cross-section area Since and From the graph, the slope of the best fit line through the points of the straight line portion of the graph, Assume that the cross-sectional area did not vary as the stress increased. Errors accuracy: From the graph, the slope of the best fit line: the maximum slope: the minimum slope: Deviations: m+ m = 12.1 Deviations: m m- = 26.0 The maximum error in slope = larger of the deviations = 26.0 Slope of load-extension graph = (192.7 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 26.0) Percentage error in slope: Percentage error in E = % error in slope + % error in lo + 2 ? % error in d Youngs modulus of copper, E = (125 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 22) GPa Conclusion: The stress applied to a copper wire (s.w.g. 32) is directly proportional to the strain it produces before the extension becomes 3.5mm. The ratio of stress to strain will get smaller and not constant when the extension beyond 3.5mm (proportional limit), i.e. after the extension reached 3.5mm, small increase in stress can produce a great increase in strain. Copper obeys the Hookes law. The Youngs modulus of copper is (125 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 22) GPa Sources of Error: 1. The copper wire did not have a constant cross-sectional area along its length. 2. There was fractional force due to the pulley applying to the wire. 3. Reading error in measuring the extension and the unstretched length. 4. Fluctuation of room temperature might change the diameter of the wire during the experiment. 5. The wire in the experimental set-up was not exactly horizontal that made our measurement of extension not accurate. 6. The cross sectional area of the wire got thinner under stress so that the expected stress would be less than the stress actually applied. Improvement of the Experiment: 1. Fixed the metre ruler by another G-clamp so that measurement of the extension can be more accurate. 2. In order to measure extremely small extension with high precision, optical lever (a mirror mounted on a small pivot) can be used instead of just using a simple meter stick. 3. Repeat the experiment several time and take average of the extension values so that more accurate result can be obtained 4. The experiment can be repeated as below so that the small extension of the wire can be measured accurately by vernier scale; moreover, there will be no extra fractional fore due to the presence of pulley. 5. Repeat the experiment by using copper wire with different s.w.g and take an average of the Youngs modulus obtained so that we can estimate the value of Youngs modulus of copper more accurately. Precautions: 1. Wear safety goggle during the experiment so as to protect our eyes when the wire breaks eventually 2. The load should not be too high off the floor, and there should be a suitable soft landing platform, such as runner tile right below the load. 3. The unstretched length should be at least 3m for the wire to extend.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Informix Revenue Recognition Essay -- essays research papers

MEMORANDUM Re:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Group 2 - Case 2.1 â€Å"Software Revenue Recognition: Informix Corporation† Companies following GAAP can manage earnings by simply altering its accounting policy to select those accounting principles that benefit them the most. Entities have a host of reasons for selecting those principles that will paint the rosiest financial picture. Some would argue that the market demands it, as reflected by the stock price punishment for companies that differ by as little as one penny per share from prior estimates. External market pressures to â€Å"meet the numbers† conflicts with market pressure for transparency in financial reporting. Most fraudulent financial reporting schemes involve â€Å"earnings management† techniques, which inflate earnings, create an improved financial picture, or conversely, mask a deteriorating one. Premature revenue recognition is one of the most common forms of fraudulent earnings management and the case of Informix Software Inc. unfortunately illustrates closely this practice. The analysis of this case will shed light on issues like: v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Informix’s revenue recognition policy prior to 1990 and its compliance with FASB Concept #5, FASB Statement #86, GAAP protocols. v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Informix’s reactions to AICPA SOP in changing the revenue recognition procedures and Informix’s reason to prematurely and voluntarily implement the new policy v  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The changes that took place at Informix and the financial results reported during 1990 Furthermore, we will also evaluate the software industry practices and the regulations in place at that time. We conclude with lessons learnt and recommendations towards identifying and discouraging non-GAAP revenue recognition practices. 1986-1990 Revenue Recognition Policy at Informix Corporation REVENUE RECOGNITION POLICY BEFORE THE PROPOSED AICPA SOP Prior to 1990 the software industry had the FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Concept No.5 and the FASB Statement No. 86 to provide guidance in the revenue recognition concepts. The Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 45 which discussed long-term construction type contract was also available but did not specify application for the software industry and so it was ignored. Before 1990 (refer exhibit 1) Informix recognized ... ...nbsp;  ($1,503.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($327.00) Net Income(Losses)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($10,311.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($11,146.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($1,503.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($327.00) Income per Share Before Extraordinary Items  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.80)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($1.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.13)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.05) Net Income (Loss) per Share (Fully Diluted)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.80)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.94)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.12)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($0.03) Total Assets  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($32,102.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($17,173.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($3,411.00)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ($573.00) Long-Term Obligations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  $0.00

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Critical Thinking Test Week 4 Essay

1. Question : Reporter: A new campaign finance reform bill being considered by Congress would limit the amount of campaign contributions that political candidates can receive. However, a survey of candidates running for mayor, governor, and senate seats shows that not one of them favors the bill. Clearly, there is no desire among politicians to limit campaign contributions. Which one of the following points out the flaw in the reporter’s argument above? Student Answer: The reporter doesn’t indicate the amount that the new bill would limit campaign contributions. The evidence provided by the reporter suggests that most politicians are in favor of the new bill. The reporter wrongly assumes that no politician has ever supported a bill intended to limit campaign contributions CORRECT The views of candidates currently running for office do not necessarily represent the views of all politicians. 2. Question : Mrs. Orlof teaches two history classes, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. Yesterday she gave the same test to both classes. Anyone who failed the test must take a retest. Since a greater percentage of students who took the morning test failed the test than students who took the afternoon test, more of Orlof’s morning history students than afternoon history students will have to take the retest. The conclusion above is not necessarily valid because Student Answer: more students in the morning class may have passed the test than failed the test some students may have been absent from both classes some of the students who passed the afternoon test may have received information about the test from morning students CORRECT more students may have taken the test in the afternoon than in the morning 3. Question : All sages provide both wisdom and inspiration. Since Dasha’s speech contained wisdom and greatly inspired her audience, Dasha is a sage. Which one of the following points out the flaw in the argument above? Student Answer: Just because Dasha is a sage doesn’t mean that she is always wise and inspirational. Just because Dasha’s speech provided wisdom and inspiration doesn’t mean that it provided more wisdom than inspiration. CORRECT Just because Dasha satisfied two requirements of being a sage doesn’t necessarily mean that she satisfies all the requirements of being a sage. INCORRECT Just because Dasha provided wisdom and inspiration in a speech doesn’t mean that all sages use speeches to provide wisdom and inspiration. 4. Question : The average height of members of the high school basketball team is six feet, three inches. Jerry is on the high school basketball team, so Jerry must be taller than six feet. The argument above is flawed because it confuses Student Answer: Jerry with other members of the team the members of one team with the members of another team INCORRECT people who are six feet three inches tall for people who are exactly six feet tall CORRECT an average for the individuals that make up that average. 5. Question : Catherine goes to her local movie theater only to see romantic comedies. Since Catherine did not go to the movies yesterday, there is not a romantic comedy playing at her local theater. The reasoning above is flawed because the evidence Student Answer: CORRECT does not suggest that Catherine goes to see every romantic comedy that plays at her local movie theater implies that Catherine is uninterested in most types of movies does not indicate whether Catherine watches only romantic comedies at home suggests that Catherine’s local movie theater hardly ever shows romantic comedies 6. Question : A recent study of 100 employees from six departments of a major corporation found 65% to be sleep deprived. The researchers concluded that the majority of corporate employees are sleep deprived. The researcher’s conclusion is suspect because it Student Answer: assumes that corporate employees are more sleep deprived than other people is based on evidence that is statistically impossible fails to describe the effects the sleep deprivation has CORRECT relies on a sample that is too small to represent the entire corporate workforce 7. Question : Some politicians claim to support the environment in speeches they make around the country. However, to get to those speeches they ride in gas guzzling, pollution creating private planes. They therefore clearly don’t believe a word of what they say and are actually making the environmental problem worse. Which one of the following, if true, would best weaken the argument above? Student Answer: Some of the politicians try to hide the fact that they travel by private plane to their speeches around the country. Most people who hear the politicians’ speeches on the environment are unconvinced by their arguments. A majority of voters surveyed agree that politicians sometimes make society’s problems worse. CORRECT Improvements to the environment brought about through the politicians’ public support of environmental regulations more than offset the damage done to the environment by the politicians’ private planes. 8. Question : Career counselor: It is best for artists to build a practical and safe career that will guarantee them a secure income, and then pursue their art in their spare time. That way, they will be motivated to work hard at their day jobs to support their art making, and both their career and their art will thrive. Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument? Student Answer: Some forms of art making are expensive and require a good deal of money to pursue. INCORRECT Many people who aren’t artists prefer to pursue practical and safe careers. Having the time and money to make art doesn’t guarantee an artist commercial success. CORRECT Splitting time between two pursuits in life often causes both to suffer. 9. Question : The untimely death of Professor Hathaway halted his groundbreaking research into the uses of solar power. It therefore appears that Hathaway’s research will not result in practical applications. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? Student Answer: CORRECT Professor Hathaway’s research can be used by other scientists to create useful applications. Not all professors at Professor Hathaway’s university knew that he was conducting research into the uses of solar power. Officials at Professor Hathaway’s university have refused requests to make Professor Hathaway’s research public. INCORRECT Researchers at other universities are conducting research into the potential applications of solar power. 10. Question : Surveys show that people who use calorie information to decide which foods to eat consume on average 100 calories less than they would if they didn’t check calorie information before eating. Strangely though, people who use calorie information in this way weigh more on average than people who don’t check calorie information before eating. Which one of the following, if true, best explains the surprising statistic stated above? Student Answer: There are fewer people who check calorie information before eating than people who don’t check calorie information before eating. People who usually check calorie information before eating consume more calories if they stop checking. INCORRECT Some people who check calorie information before eating don’t consume any fewer calories than they would if they didn’t check. CORRECT People with a weight problem are most likely to check calorie information before eating. 11. Question : As part of its reorganization, co mpany X created five new positions within the company. However, after the reorganization was complete, company X had fewer employees than before the reorganization. Which one of the following, if true, would best explain the result described above? Student Answer: Some employees of the company were switched into new departments to fill the new positions. Some employees who quit over dissatisfaction with the reorganization were immediately replaced by new hires. The new positions were created to respond to a greater demand for company X’s products. CORRECT Some employees were laid off as a number of old positions were eliminated in the reorganization. 12. Question : Choose the pair of words/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical relationship as the words/phrases in the following pair. building : blueprint Student Answer: ship : sea CORRECT cake : recipe bridge : island guitar : song 13. Question : Choose the pair of words/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical relationship as the words/phrases in the following pair. gavel : judge Student Answer: CORRECT baton : conductor symphony : composer stop sign : driver ruler : math 14. Question : Choose the pair of words/phrases among the choices that exhibits the same logical relationship as the words/phrases in the following pair. conductor : orchestr Student Answer: skater : rink teacher : principal producer : movie CORRECT director : cast 15. Question : Arthur: The solutions to most mystery novels I read are not believable. However, my enjoyment of a mystery novel depends only on its suspenseful mood and colorful characters. Norton: Roughly 80% of the mystery novels I read have believable solutions, which is good since I do not enjoy mystery novels that don’t have believable solutions. The speakers above Student Answer: agree that most mystery novels do not have believable solutions agree that a suspenseful mood and colorful characters add  to the enjoyment of a mystery novel CORRECT disagree on whether a believable solution is required for the enjoyment of a mystery novel disagree on whether an author’s enjoyment in creating a mystery novel influences whether that novel will have a believable solution 16. Question : Memmie: The greater the population near a restaurant, the more potential customers it has and the greater chance its popularity will spread through word-of-mouth. O’Sullivans Restaurant just opened in the very densely populated town of Redville, so its chances for success are great. Sam: But the more people living in an area, the more restaurants there are in that area, so the more competition each one faces. There are twelve other restaurants serving the people of Redville. Memmie and Sam seem to disagree about whether Student Answer: O’Sullivans will fail in its first few months O’Sullivans will serve a different kind of food than the other restaurants in Redville CORRECT the high population of Redville ensures O’Sullivan’s a great chance for success word-of-mouth about a restaurant can spread in a densely populated town like Redville 17. Question : Only circus animals with a clean bill of health will perform in today’s exhibition. A monkey, a poodle, and a horse will perform in today’s exhibition. No circus animals with a clean bill of health were prescribed medications this week. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them? Student Answer: The monkey, poodle, and horse are the only animals performing in today’s circus exhibition. No circus animals were prescribe medications this week. INCORRECT No more than two circus animals have a clean bill of health. CORRECT Neither the monkey nor the horse performing in today’s circus exhibition were prescribed medications this week. 18. Question : The higher the price of an antique, the greater people’s expectation that the object is rare. That, in turn, makes the antique appear more valuable. If the statements above are correct, then offering an antique for sale at a bargain price Student Answer: will likely increase people’s expectations that the antique is valuable will guarantee that the antique will not sell at a profit should be encouraged because it increases the likelihood that antique will be sold CORRECT should be discouraged because it lessens a quality that makes that antique desirable 19. Question : Some drugs combat obesity or alcohol addiction by turning off pleasure centers in the brain. However, if the dosage is too high, there’s a risk that people taking them will be plunged into depression. The statements above, if true, support which one of the following assertions? Student Answer: It is useless to try to treat obesity or alcohol addiction through drugs. All drugs, if taken at too high a dosage, pose the risk that the people taking them will be plunged into depression. CORRECT The benefits of a medication may be at least somewhat offset by its side effects. INCORRECT Drugs that affect pleasure centers in the brain are often taken at dosages considered to be too high. 20. Question : Detective: The robbery at the mall was carried out by a mall employee acting alone roughly one hour after the mall closed last Saturday night. The only employees present at the mall at the time of the robbery were security guards Evans and Clark. Since the mall’s surveillance system was disabled by the thief just before the robbery, the thief must be Evans. The argument above would be valid if Student Answer: CORRECT Clark is incapable of disabling the mall’s surveillance system both Evans and Clark are capable of disabling the mall’s surveillance system INCORRECT Evans and Clark are the mall’s only security guards the mall’s surveillance system is usually used 24 hours a day, seven days a we 21. Question : A company can either invest in employee training seminars or update its computer network. Since updating the computer network would result in more  measurable benefits, the company would be best off updating its computer network. The argument above assumes that Student Answer: INCORRECT investing in employee training seminars would yield negative results for the company CORRECT the more measurable a benefit, the greater value that benefit has to a company the employee training seminars would focus on teaching employees to use the updated computer network the benefit of the company investing in employee training seminars cannot be measured at all 22. Question : The president spoke to 19 congressmen from Texas to encourage them to vote for a bill. Since four of the 19 congressmen went on to vote for the bill, it is clear that the president persuaded those four to vote the way they did. The argument above assumes that Student Answer: the bill will not pass because a majority of Texas congressmen did not vote for it the Texas congressmen who voted against the bill were persuaded by someone other than the president to vote the way they did the president did not try to influence the votes of any congressmen outside of Texas CORRECT the four Texas congressmen who voted for the bill were against it before they spoke to the president 23. Question : The very large increase in allergies over the last thirty years is due to the great success of immunizations administered over this time period. Since immunizations have nearly eliminated life-threatening diseases such as polio, the human immune system increasingly targets other environmental substances in order to keep working properly. Allergy symptoms such as runny nose and itchy eyes result when the immune system attacks pollen that is breathed in from the air. Which one of the following best expresses the main point of the passage above? Student Answer: Immunizations often have surprising side effects. Immunizations have been very successful in eliminating life-threatening diseases. INCORRECT Viruses that once caused polio now cause allergies. CORRECT The use of immunizations has led to an increase in allergies. 24. Question : Political science professor: Many people insist that the Internet is revolutionizing the political process. They argue that Internet debates and online political polls and chat rooms give people greater access to political information. And they’re right that online political chatter increases daily. But offering or reading anonymous online opinions does not by itself make for active political participation. In the past one would attend a rally, protest, or town meeting to engage in real politics. Today, people sit passively in front of computer screens under the illusion that they are connecting with their fellow citizens. Which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the professor’s argument? Student Answer: Internet debates and online political polls and chat rooms give people greater access to political information. INCORRECT Political organizations of the past bear no resemblance to the political organizations of today. CORRECT While the Internet has made more political content available, meaningful political involvement has decreased. The Internet has revolutionized the political process because it has allowed many more political viewpoints to be expressed. Points Received: 0 of 1 Comments: 25. Question : Whereas many industries suffer during economic recessions, the art industry does well. Some think the reason is that artists feed off the anxiety and uncertainty during recessions to produce inspired works. Others think that recessions, while harmful to most people, produce a handful of very rich people willing to pay very high prices for artworks, driving up the value of the art market as a whole. The author of the passage above is primarily interested in Student Answer: providing evidence that the art industry does well during recessions CORRECT presenting reasons for why the art industry does well during recessions discussing the types of artworks that sell  best during recessions describing the effect that art has on the economy

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Historical Perspectives: Benefits, costs, and impact of free international trade Essay

Our world has become a village and the globalization movement has picked up momentum requiring governments and individuals alike to adapt to these changes in the understanding that their growth or indeed survival depends on it. Globalization has been fuelled by a consistent practice of free trade whose growth necessitates breaking down several legal and fiscal barriers in order to make cooperation easier and flow of capital and investments across the globe more effective. Growth of companies and increased competition requires that companies seek markets in foreign countries and mutual benefit dictates that bilateral efforts between trading partners be equal and for that an abolition of significant reduction of tariffs and licenses becomes mandatory. Free trade therefore has led to the adoption of capitalism across the globe with only a small fraction of countries still clinging to communism as a form of economy (Bhagwati 2002). However, free trade was not always the preferred form of a market system in the early days and the status quo has been brought through the influence of great economists and philosophers alike whose advocacy against traditional economic practices led to the present free international trade. The first prominent form of international trade was mercantilist which tended to favor the accumulation of precious metals. The mercantilist economists favored strong protectionist policies which included high tariffs and restricted movement of labor and resources. The emergence of liberal economists like Richard Cobden and Adam Smith led to a systematic attack against such practices and a sustained effort to replace it with free market. This market will be characterized by reduced government control, abolition of restrictions and relying on the forces of demand and supply to determine prices. However, Karl Marx felt that although free market under capitalism was a brilliant and effective form of market structure, he nevertheless felt that it led to segregation of society and that such a system would collapse and be replaced by a classless society under communism (Marx, 1999).

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

How to Write a Persuasive Essay

How to Write a Persuasive Essay When writing a persuasive essay, the authors goal is to sway the reader to share his or her opinion. It can be more difficult than  making an argument, which involves using facts to prove a point. A successful persuasive essay will reach the reader on an emotional level, much the way a well-spoken politician does. Persuasive speakers arent necessarily trying to convert the reader or listener to completely change their minds, but rather to consider an idea or a focus in a different way. While its important to use credible arguments supported by facts, the persuasive writer wants to convince the reader or listener that his or her argument is not simply correct, but convincing as well. The are several different ways to choose a topic for your persuasive essay. Your teacher may give you a prompt or a choice of several prompts. Or you may have to come up with a topic, based on your own experience or the texts youve been studying. If you do have some choice in the topic selection, its helpful if you select one that interests you and about which you already feel strongly. Another key factor to consider before you begin writing is the audience. If youre trying to persuade a roomful of teachers that homework is bad, for instance, youll use a different set of arguments than you would if the audience was made up of high school students or parents. Once you have the topic and have considered the audience, there are a few steps to prepare yourself before you begin writing your persuasive essay: Brainstorm.  Use whatever method of brainstorming works best for you. Write down your thoughts about the topic. Make sure you know where you stand on the issue. You can even try asking yourself some questions. Ideally, youll try to ask yourself questions that could be used to refute your argument, or that could convince a reader of the opposite point of view. If you dont think of the opposing point of view, chances are your instructor or a member of your audience will.Investigate.  Talk to classmates, friends, and teachers about the topic. What do they think about it? The responses that you get from these people will give you a preview of how they would respond to your opinion. Talking out your ideas, and testing your opinions, is a good way to collect evidence. Try making your arguments out loud. Do you sound shrill and angry, or determined and self-assured? What you say is as important as how you say it.Think.  It may seem obvious, but you really have to think about how you a re going to persuade your audience. Use a calm, reasoning tone. While persuasive essay writing is at its most basic an exercise in emotion, try not to choose words that are belittling to the opposing viewpoint, or that rely on insults. Explain to your reader why, despite the other side of the argument, your viewpoint is the right, most logical one. Find examples.  There are many writers and speakers who offer compelling, persuasive arguments. Martin Luther King Jr.s I Have a Dream speech is widely cited as one of the most persuasive arguments in American rhetoric. Eleanor Roosevelts The Struggle for Human Rights is another example of a skilled writer trying to persuade an audience. But be careful: While you can emulate a certain writers style, be careful not to stray too far into imitation. Be sure the words youre choosing are your own, not words that sound like theyve come from a thesaurus (or worse, that theyre someone elses words entirely).Organize.  In any paper that you write you should make sure that your points are well-organized and that your supporting ideas are clear, concise, and to the point. In persuasive writing, though, it is especially important that you use specific examples to illustrate your main points. Dont give your reader the impression that you are not educated on the issues related to your topic. Ch oose your words carefully. Stick to the script.  The best essays follow a simple set of rules: First, tell your reader what youre going to tell them. Then, tell them. Then, tell them what youve told them. Have a strong, concise thesis statement before you get past the second paragraph, because this is the clue to the reader or listener to sit up and pay attention.Review and revise.  If you know youre going to have more than one opportunity to present your essay, learn from the audience or reader feedback, and continue to try to improve your work. A good argument can become a great one if properly fine-tuned.

Monday, October 21, 2019

How to Prepare a Project on the Relationship between a Language and Culture

How to Prepare a Project on the Relationship between a Language and Culture College projects generally come in different forms and the research needed to be done for each project usually varies from project to project but it is important to note that there are still some key steps and practices which you can use in preparing an excellent project across the diverse forms. These best practices take into consideration the different types of projects you could be assigned with during your stay in college. They are quite valuable to students working on research projects, essay analysis and opinion pieces therefore, it is quite important for students reading this to pay attention to the tips provided here on how to go about writing a project. Understand Your Assignment The first step to working on a writing project, is understanding the type of document your professor is asking you to write. To better clarify this tip, let’s take writing on the relationship between language and culture as the chosen assignment. Here, it is quite clear to see that the assignment focuses on research and can be viewed as either a research project or an analysis essay to prove or show this relationship using facts. A clear understanding of your assignment puts you on the right track to starting your project. Choose a Focal Point For broad subject matters, choosing a focal point to base your research and discussions on is a method that keeps you centered on the job at hand. Once you have chosen a focal point - such as the impact of culture on language - you can now proceed to including relevant facts and real-life examples that showcase the relationship between language and culture from a cultural point of view. Focal points allow you easily organize your thoughts as well as write in coherent and cohesive manner which will definitely be appealing to your supervisor. Decide How to Represent Your Project Your understanding of the assignment as well as given instructions play an important role in determining the best way to represent your project. It is important to note that creative depictions can help you earn top marks so going the extra mile to make your analysis more understandable and appealing to your audience is recommended. An apt example is making use of both written words and infographics to discuss the relationship between a language and culture. You should consider investing extra effort into a case study of a sample culture and the language they speak in your project. The results gotten from your survey can then be turned into a visual graph that lends a voice to the final analytical outcome of your project. Plan Out Your Project Creating an outline on how you intend to write the final results of your project is important to organizing how you introduce your project topic, discuss its aim and conclude your analysis. Therefore, taking out some time to plan the writing as well as real-time presentation to your professor if the need arises ensures that you stay ready to combat any challenges that may arise. Preparation is an ongoing process and it is important that you carefully consider all the factors involved - topic, type of project, presentation etc. - before sticking to or choosing a presentation style that works. So feel free to make use of these tips whenever you are confused on how to proceed.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Selecting the right tools to learn French

Selecting the right tools to learn French So you already asked I want to learn French, where do I start? and answered  fundamental questions on why you want to learn, and what your goal is - learning to pass test, learning to read French or learning to actually communicate in French. Now, you are ready to pick a learning method. There are so many French learning method available out there that it can be overwhelming. Here are my tips on selecting a French learning method which best suits YOUR needs and goals. Selecting the right method to learn French Its really worth spending some time researching and sorting through the ton of French material out there to find what is good for you. Look at the customer reviews, and also what experts recommend.Be smart and make sure you dont fall for paid advertising (like Google ads) or affiliate links (links to product which give  the referring site a percentage of the sale†¦ Many very popular  audio methods such as Rosetta Stone use this marketing technique†¦ It doesnt mean they are necessarily bad, but it means you cannot trust the rating they are getting because the person wrote the review to get the affiliate fee†¦).Doing your own research here is essential because at the end, you can only trust yourself!  Make sure you know what you are buying: a decent site should have samples, and plenty of VERIFIED customers reviews.Many methods offer a 100% money back guarantee or free trial - thats always a good thing.Ask and you shall receive - if the method you are interested in doesnt offer samples or free trial, contact them and ask them for some. If there is no customer support, in our days and age, its a ve ry bad sign... Look for the right method for your own needs I dont believe there is only one good method. But there is one best suited for each student. If you speak Spanish for example, the structure of French, the logic of the tenses is going to be quite easy for you. You need a method that will give you the facts, lists, but you wont need much grammatical explanations.   On the contrary, if you only speak English, chances are that you will say at one point French grammar is so difficult (and I am being extremely polite here†¦). So you need a method that truly explains grammar (both French and English, a method that doesnt assume you know what a direct object is, for example†¦) and then gives you plenty of practice. Learning with level appropriate tools Many people will tell you to read the newspapers, watch French movies, speak with your French friends. I personally disagree.   There are always exceptions of course, but in my experience (20 years teaching French to adults) for the majority of people, that is not how you should START to learn French. Its what you do when you are a confident French speaker, but not how you start.   Studying with something too difficult, speaking with people who cannot adapt their language to your present level may  destroy your emerging self confidence in French. You have to nurture this confidence, so that you can one day get over your - only natural - fear of actually speaking French with someone else. You must always feel you are progressing, not running into a wall.   Nurturing methods do exists, but finding them will require a little research and sorting from your part. For beginners/intermediate students of French, I personally recommend my own method - Moi Paris downloadable audiobooks. Otherwise, I really like what they did at Fluentz. In my opinion, whatever your level may be, learning French with audio is an absolute must.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Comparison of three learning theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison of three learning theories - Essay Example All these theories will be compared and contrasted as well so as to understand the similarities and differences. Social Cognitive Theory Social cognitive theory explains the acquisition of behavioral patterns by human beings. It is based on the idea that human beings learn by observing the behavior of other people around them. According to the social cognitive theory there are three factors that have an impact on behavior namely environment, person, and behavior. A person acquires knowledge when environment combines with personal characteristics and experience. A learner also evaluates new experiences through the past and prior experience help the learner understand the present experience. In short, it is through the interplay of environment, behavior and personality that an individual acquires knowledge. The social cognitive theory takes into account the personal factors of the learner therefore it is also used in personality development. All the three factors can be manipulated to bring a desired change in the behavior of a person. Social cognitive theory also emphasize on the emotional element of learning. A learner is more likely to learn from a source with which the learner feels emotionally attached (Bandura, 1994). Learning therefore is also dependent on perceived similarities between the model and the learner. The theory focuses on the environmental, personal, and behavioral factors in order to explain how human beings learn. Vygotsky’s Social Development Theory Vygotsky is a Russian psychologist who gave his theory of social development. He emphasizes the role of social interaction in the overall learning process of a person. He explained human development through social interaction and claimed that social learning through interaction is followed by development. The first stage of learning according to Vygotsky is social learning. The social development theory also include ‘the more knowledgeable other’ (MKO). This is a thing or a p erson that serves as a teacher for the learner as this MKO has skills superior to the learner. The theory also talks about ‘the zone of proximal development’ (ZPD) which is the difference between what the learner can do without help and what the learner can do with MKO. It is in this ZPD that a learner can acquire new knowledge. The main difference between social development theory and social cognition theory is that former argues that social interaction lead to cognitive development and the latter argues that learning takes place with the combination of environmental, personal and cognitive factors. Application of social development theory can be in schools where teachers should focus on open dialogue and should engage in discourse (Hausfather, 1996). It will be helpful because it is through social interaction that cognitive development can be achieved. Game Based Learning Game based learning theory focuses on learning through different activities and games. Learners g ain knowledge by taking part in activities designed to challenge themselves thereby keeping their interest and involvement high. It is a relatively new theory that uses games and interesting techniques to help students learn difficult concept. The idea behind game based learning is to attract the attention of the learners and develop interest in order to facilitate learning.

Friday, October 18, 2019

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs - Assignment Example Shank’s old boss failed to meet the safety need as they were told that â€Å"you are just another number†¦Ã¢â‚¬  There was no love or belongingness and the question of self-esteem and self-actualization does not arise in these circumstances. The needs could not be met because the boss did not value his employees, did not recognize their efforts and contribution to the company. The self-esteem of the employees in the process was at its lowest. Low self-esteem can inhibit creativity, interpersonal relations, hinder performance and conflict resolution. Focusing on employee needs is essential to motivate and sustain the motivation of the employees. Maslow clarifies that satisfied needs are not motivators. When the higher order needs take over they serve as the motivating force. Thus, an organization can meet the missing needs in several ways. People need to feel connected with the top management and not feel alienated. Thus regular interactions between the management and the employees make them feel valued. A few words of recognition publicly reinforce the self-esteem of an individual and this can be a great motivator. The employees should feel that they can approach the management freely. Interest in the work or the store by the management is a great motivator for the employees because when they experience the excitement of the owners they too feel involved in their work. To err is human and employers should recognize this fact. Errors should be tolerated and as in the case of Southwest Airlines, errors should be considered a learning experience. A controlled approach can inhibit growth as it reduces initiatives. Hence an employee should be allowed to develop feelings of self-worth which provides intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is better than extrinsic motivation. When a person is aroused through a desire from within, the results are better.  

Introduction to Florida History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introduction to Florida History - Essay Example Martin Luther King, under Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) commenced an immense campaign to lend support to local civil rights movements. The objective of Dr. King was twofold: that in addition to ending local desegregation, the media attention given to the city would gather support nationally for the 1964 Civil Rights Act which had then stalled in congress. What happened is that, in 1963, under the leadership of Robert Hayling an advisor to the city’s branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored people (NAACP) started the campaign to pressure to end segregation in St. Augustine. They organized demonstrations; sit-ins and pickets against segregated businesses. Perfect opportunity to air their grievance was presented in 1963 as the city was preparing its 400th year anniversary. Municipal officials intended to showcase only â€Å"acceptable† history, of which segregation was deeply inculcated. City leaders left blacks from the celebrati on preparations, jolting the local NAACP chapter to write to President Lyndon Johnson asking him to cancel his planned visit because no blacks were involved, and the city leadership had refused to form a biracial committee. As a result, White supremacists led by Ku Klux Klan (KKK) responded with violence against them. The major confrontation resulted from Haylings opposition to the federal funding to the city’s celebration. The white supremacists were angered, and violence resulted. Gunshots were fired at Dr. Haylings’ home, with armed white ruffians shooting at black neighborhood, which led to the death of one of the armed whites and charge of four blacks for the murder. There was an escalation of the racial disharmony that culminated the arrest and indictment of Haylings by a grand jury which blamed him and other activists for the racial crisis that was being witnessed then. As a result, SCLC decided to conduct seminars to give a workshop on non-violent protest. As a ll this was happening in 1963-1964, national media attention had been turned on St. Augustine. This media attention made old city more vulnerable to racial crisis as both the civil rights and white supremacists turned their guns there. Dr. King personally took charge of the demonstrations in May 1964, arriving together with his assistant Rev. Ralph Abernathy and other civil rights leaders. Their arrival gave momentum to the civil right movement and exploited the media attention that was directed at the city. St. Augustine was turned into a racial battleground. SCLC sent nationwide calls for volunteers to join in the protest. SCLC demonstrations infuriated the whites after they interrupted the lucrative tourist businesses, and, therefore, the scale of violence and unrest increased. These scenes were being televised to a shocked nation. SCLC leadership rejected calls by a grand jury to leave the city, on grounds that SCLC had disrupted the racial harmony. However, they agreed to leave after Florida Governor C. Farris Bryan, had promised to form the biracial committee in 30th June 1964. In addition to the media coverage, this racial unrest was perfectly timed to coincide with the demonstrations that were taking place in other U.S cities. The senate was also debating the motion to end the filibustering by the southerners. At the same time, black right lawyers began winning courtroom battles, with Judge Bryan Simpson ruling severally in favor of civil rights activists, encouraging black lawyers to bring cases against the white supremacists. His decision culminated in the injunctions and orders that brought the community under control. Therefore, Dr. King used the media atten

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Why do people choose to support their local football team Essay

Why do people choose to support their local football team - Essay Example People pay tons of money for tickets to these football games and proudly march in wearing their jerseys and plenty of face paint ready to scream and yell for their team. These fans are relentless in their support and continue to return year after year win or lose. Football is a rare sport in that it spans across the whole world and is celebrated heavily by many, it has been around for centuries and from the turnout that football still has, football will be around for many more years to come. In the United States sports are seemingly spread everywhere. They have their own sections in the newspaper and you cannot walk into a bookstore without magazines with sports plastered on the front of them. Sports' Illustrated is recognized around the globe and its website is a good way for people to check scores and times for matches. "Soccer" isn't the countries leading sport per se but it is certainly recognized and played by millions of people. Sites like http://www.ussoccerplayers.com are available to avid fans of the U.S "soccer" team and to also keep watch on where the players will be traveling to. Being that the United States is arguably a melting pot society, "soccer" from Mexico is being shown on television quite frequently. The United States is just one country who participates and supports soccer but it is certainly not the custom that is it in other countries. In Mexico "soccer" is very much a part of their culture and because of their climate it can be played year round. In an article in the San Francisco Cronicle reporting on an area densely populated by people of Mexican descent they describe restaurants and gas stations filled with people trying to watch their respective teams. "Mexican soccer, maybe the Toluca Diablos Rojos versus the Pachuca Tuzos, plays nonstop on the overhead TVs. Young men stand in line at the glass booth in the corner, waiting to cash checks, buy smokes or send money home. Outside, a fruit vendor with a leathery face serves up Ziploc bags of pineapple and mango, sprinkled with lime, salt and chile" (Ness). In another article it is said that you cannot go anywhere in Puerto Vallarta without seeing children kicking around "soccer" balls and stores and restaurants with their televisions tuned to their local team. Mexico is one country who surrounds itself with "soccer" and has many teams that represent areas of Mex ico. Although there is one major team for the country, there are many smaller teams that the country supports. In Spain football is widely recognized and Madrid alone has 3 football teams. These teams are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid and Rayo Vallecano. Real Madrid was recognized by FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) as the best team of the Twentieth century (gomadrid.com). Tickets to these games are notoriously hard to obtain and have strict rules for ordering. First tickets are given to season ticket holders, then to club members, then a "special" fan card is given to some and they are able to order tickets. After this whole process, then the general public is allowed to purchase tickets and they are known to be gone within hours. Real Madrid plays in the Bernabu stadium which is dedicated to Santiago Bernabu who developed and planned the structure. The stadium has also hosted many

Proposal Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Proposal - Dissertation Example From this we derive that dating is basically an activity of knowing each other over a longer period of time to see if a romantic relationship that is built within themselves should extend further or not. Online Dating An  internet dating service, commonly  known as  online dating, is a  dating system that gives the platform to people seeking for a romantic relationship. The individuals are able to meet their date online and can start a new romantic or sexual relationship through this online service. The online dating service provides its services through the help of  personal computers, the  Internet, and phones. It allows people to give their personal information, and requirements so that they can search for the individuals accordingly. The criteria they are asked to share include gender, age bracket, location and much more. There is also an option to upload one’s own photos on the website so that the other members of the website can view the photo. There are othe r services offered by the sites including  online chat, message boards, webcasts etc. There are various sites that do not charge for its registration whereas some require a monthly subscription fee. Usually the concept of online dating fills the distance gaps and that is the reason most of the members belong to a variety of backgrounds seeking a different types of relationships. But there always some sites that are more specific about the type of members, their interest, location, background or relationship. Aim of Research Project The topic of the research is well introduced. The following are the aim of this research paper: To analyze the concept and trend of online dating. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of online dating. To see its effects and results, by closely monitoring and surveying the direct consumers. To have the insight of people involved in this business. To evaluate it from both a consumer and a business point of view to judge the practicability and feas ibility of this particular e-business. Background of Online Dating The online dating and its trend originated from a basic part of North American culture as the internet itself. Gradually the process and practice caught the eye of millions of people globally and hence the trend was spread. For Emily Livingston from  Match.com, one of the largest matchmaking website, the 1998 film, â€Å"You’ve got Mail†, became the inspiration and one step towards the global acceptance, as the film was a story of online romance. Talking about the native place of online dating today in North America, the membership of internet-based dating organizations are over 50 million. Refining itself over time and meeting the requirement, the service of online dating became more inclusive and sophisticated as it was a platform to initiate the relationships. Lately, the most practiced or the famous ritual was to approach someone you like through friends, bar encounters, blind dates, singles clubs , etc. Today, these practices are considered as outdated styles of the â€Å"bad old days† by many of us. In  2002, a  Wired  Magazine  article forecasted that, â€Å"Twenty years from now, the idea that someone looking for love without looking for it online will be silly, similar to skipping the card catalog to instead wander the stacks because the right books are found only by

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Why do people choose to support their local football team Essay

Why do people choose to support their local football team - Essay Example People pay tons of money for tickets to these football games and proudly march in wearing their jerseys and plenty of face paint ready to scream and yell for their team. These fans are relentless in their support and continue to return year after year win or lose. Football is a rare sport in that it spans across the whole world and is celebrated heavily by many, it has been around for centuries and from the turnout that football still has, football will be around for many more years to come. In the United States sports are seemingly spread everywhere. They have their own sections in the newspaper and you cannot walk into a bookstore without magazines with sports plastered on the front of them. Sports' Illustrated is recognized around the globe and its website is a good way for people to check scores and times for matches. "Soccer" isn't the countries leading sport per se but it is certainly recognized and played by millions of people. Sites like http://www.ussoccerplayers.com are available to avid fans of the U.S "soccer" team and to also keep watch on where the players will be traveling to. Being that the United States is arguably a melting pot society, "soccer" from Mexico is being shown on television quite frequently. The United States is just one country who participates and supports soccer but it is certainly not the custom that is it in other countries. In Mexico "soccer" is very much a part of their culture and because of their climate it can be played year round. In an article in the San Francisco Cronicle reporting on an area densely populated by people of Mexican descent they describe restaurants and gas stations filled with people trying to watch their respective teams. "Mexican soccer, maybe the Toluca Diablos Rojos versus the Pachuca Tuzos, plays nonstop on the overhead TVs. Young men stand in line at the glass booth in the corner, waiting to cash checks, buy smokes or send money home. Outside, a fruit vendor with a leathery face serves up Ziploc bags of pineapple and mango, sprinkled with lime, salt and chile" (Ness). In another article it is said that you cannot go anywhere in Puerto Vallarta without seeing children kicking around "soccer" balls and stores and restaurants with their televisions tuned to their local team. Mexico is one country who surrounds itself with "soccer" and has many teams that represent areas of Mex ico. Although there is one major team for the country, there are many smaller teams that the country supports. In Spain football is widely recognized and Madrid alone has 3 football teams. These teams are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid and Rayo Vallecano. Real Madrid was recognized by FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) as the best team of the Twentieth century (gomadrid.com). Tickets to these games are notoriously hard to obtain and have strict rules for ordering. First tickets are given to season ticket holders, then to club members, then a "special" fan card is given to some and they are able to order tickets. After this whole process, then the general public is allowed to purchase tickets and they are known to be gone within hours. Real Madrid plays in the Bernabu stadium which is dedicated to Santiago Bernabu who developed and planned the structure. The stadium has also hosted many

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Managing people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing people - Essay Example Employees of Security24/7, Ltd. are very much aware of their rights and the benefits they stand eligible for, and they know that benefits are crucial to give them some extra support in the tough financial times. However, historical trends of the company show that benefit costs has become a main concern for the employers because the cost of certain benefits even surpasses the wages, like the medical expense coverage. This following section will discuss some very important employee benefits being offered in Security24/7, Ltd. The HRM practice of negotiated benefits offered in the company include those benefits which collective bargaining covers, like healthcare, flexible spending accounts (FSAs), pensions, personal days, paid vacations, holidays, reduced tuition for children under 26 and spouse, and tuition assistance. Security24/7, Ltd. employs group health plans to provide medical care to the employees and their families through insurance or reimbursement. The company also pays for health insurance premiums. Health insurance premiums make health insurance an employee welfare benefit, maintained by the employer or the union. The company implements Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) that covers most of the private sector health care plans, and provides medical protection to its employees and beneficiaries. The individuals who are assigned to manage these plans are required to meet certain standards or the code of conduct that is specified by the law. ERISA is administered and enforced by The Department of Labors Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA), which provides information on health plans for the employees, and also compliance assistance information for the employers. Retirement benefits are negotiated benefits which are actually employee defined contribution plans. Pensions are the greatest employee benefit for the retirees of

Famous Botanist Francisco Hernandez Essay Example for Free

Famous Botanist Francisco Hernandez Essay During the time of 1700 hundreds many artist made their way to spain to seek out what they believed to be an art form but done in garden designs. So many people thought that this was a great cause and belived that this was they were meant to do for life. Francisco like other believed that this was the way to go so he to set to become a famous garden designer and soon he got his wish and was sent for by the duke of Earl. It took many years to establish a good working condition with his boss so he just continued to give his best at what he did which was deisgn the most beautiful garden that you would have ever seen. For many years it wqould be difficult for him to do anything else vbut design because that is all he thought about all day. In the winter it wouod prove to be cruel to him but he weathered the storm and kept right ahead with what he was doing and that was to creat the perfect garden fro duke. Many times the duke became frustrated with his work that he should have never sent for and this made Frncisco so very unhappy to where he put his all into what he was doing even more so but this was not enough until one day he finally decided to tell his boss that he was to ask him to send him back home.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Ecommerce And Its Applications Information Technology Essay

Ecommerce And Its Applications Information Technology Essay We are in the age of Knowledge and consequently in the midst of an electronic revolution. The impact of which on the economy is much more powerful than caused by industrial revolution. With the inception of the web, organizations and individuals are more and more making use of E-Commerce to create new business ventures. The www is not only a source of information, but an astounding business opportunity as well. Online business is thriving and more and more corporate companies are joining the fray of electronic transaction. The era of E-Commerce has established a significant synergy between the use of digital info and computerized business. Introduction The Internets impact on people has been profound; particularly with respect to consumers, who are starting to use the Internet as a new medium to trade and purchase goods and services. It is a general concept covering any form of business transaction or information exchange executed using information and communication technologies. Electronic commerce is the most recent step in the evolution of business transactions. It replaces the swapping of money for goods or bartering (the swapping of goods for goods) with the exchange of information from computer to computer. Electronic commerce, or e-commerce as it is otherwise known, is a very broad terminology. E-commerce enables organizations of all sizes and in all market sectors to improve their competitiveness. It cuts across geographical boundaries and time zones to save time and costs, to open up new market opportunities and enable even the smallest of companies to compete globally. E-commerce spans established processes such as bar code scanning and electronic data interchange (EDI), as well as newer arrivals, electronic mail, the Internet, the World Wide Web and mobile electronic commerce. E-commerce is attractive because it reduces the cost of doing business. Sending a few bytes of data over a network is cheaper, faster and more convenient than sending a messenger or even making a phone call. E-commerce covers any form of business or administrative transactions or information exchange that is executed using any information and communications technology (ICT). Classification of E-Commerce by application: Electronic Markets Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Internet Commerce Electronic Markets Present a range of offerings available in a market segment so that the purchaser can compare the prices of the offerings and make a purchase decision. Example: Airline Booking System. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) It provides a standardized system, Communicated from one computer to another without the need for printed orders and invoices delays errors in paper handling. Example: EDI is used in the large market chains for transactions with their suppliers Internet Commerce It is use to advertise make sales of wide range of goods services.This application is for both business to business business to consumer transactions. Example: The purchase of goods that are then delivered by post or the booking of tickets that can be picked up by the clients when they arrive at the event Types of E-commerce:  · business to business  · business to consumer  · consumer to business  · consumer to consumer Business to Business: The really big business on the Internet and the World Wide Web isnt books and CDs but ball bearings, electronic components and other materials that businesses buy, sell and distribute to and from each other. Although this type of business to business trading may be new and attracting plenty of media and public attention, business to business has been trading by electronic means for nearly twenty-five years. The most famous method of business to business trading has to be the electronic data interchange (EDI) established for exchanging business information between companies that regularly did business with each other. Business to Consumer: Businesses selling to the general public typically through catalogs utilizing shopping cart software. By dollar volume, B2B takes the prize, however B2C is really what the average Joe has in mind with regards to ecommerce as a whole. Having a hard time finding a book? Need to purchase a custom, high-end computer system? How about a first class, all-inclusive trip to a tropical island? With the advent ecommerce, all three things can be purchased literally in minutes without human interaction. Consumer to Business: A consumer posts his project with a set budget online and within hours companies review the consumers requirements and bid on the project. The consumer reviews the bids and selects the company that will complete the project. Elance empowers consumers around the world by providing the meeting ground and platform for such transactions. Consumer to Consumer: It facilitates the online transaction of goods or services between two people. Though there is no visible intermediary involved but the parties cannot carry out the transactions without the platform which is provided by the online market maker such as eBay. There are many sites offering free classifieds, auctions, and forums where individuals can buy and sell thanks to online payment systems like PayPal where people can send and receive money online with ease. eBays auction service is a great example of where person-to-person transactions take place every day since 1995. E-Commerce applications Multimedia Content for E-Commerce Applications Multimedia Storage Servers E-Commerce Applications i. Client-Server Architecture in Electronic Commerce ii. Internal Processes of Multimedia Servers iii. Video Servers E-Commerce Information Delivery/Transport E-Commerce Applications Consumer Access Devices SCAN002 Conclusion The Web plays an expanding role just as it does in a consumer e-commerce. Business to business activity is still, and we believe will remain, the main area of electronic commerce activity. This covers everything from established communications between retailers and their suppliers, the electronic banking payment systems through to the new Internet based catalogue systems. In the future, all of us will conduct an ever-increasing number of business transactions on-line. Companies who implement solutions to conduct business on-line will stay competitive and responsive in this evolving market place.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

The Story of an Hour Essay example -- Kate Chopin

â€Å"The Story of an Hour† By Kate Chopin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin describes the thoughts and feelings that are depicted in a single hour of the life of Louise Mallard after hearing that her husband has been killed in a railroad accident. As the story begins we are told that Mrs. Mallard is afflicted with a heart condition so the news of her husband’s death is broken to her gently by her sister. Mrs. Mallard’s initial reaction, upon hearing of her husband’s death is one of grief. She wishes to be left alone to grieve in her room upstairs in the house. However, during the hour she spends sitting in an armchair alone in the room, her state of mind changes dramatically. She is faced with conflicting emotions and although she loved her husband and is very upset by his death, she cannot suppress the thoughts that she is now free to begin a new life without the restraints of having a husband. Mrs. Mallard experiences a joy and hope that will change her life now that she only has herself to think about. The story ends in a dramatic climax when Brently Mallard returns home, unhurt and not dead. The sight of seeing her husband alive causes Mrs. Mallard to die of what the doctors’ say is a â€Å"heart disease – of joy that kills.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Story of an Hour† portrays the social status or the Mallard family as working class. We know this because the author tells us that Brently Mallard works on the railroad. Through...

Friday, October 11, 2019

Founder Of Samsung Electronics Commerce Essay

Samsung was named by Lee Byung-chul, laminitis of Samsung Electronics when he established the Samsung Trading Company on March, 1938. Sam in Samsung is defined as strong, abundant and large ; while â€Å" Sung † means high and bright. ( Chnag, J. H. , 2010 ) Interestingly, Samsung ‘s beginning was non affecting electronics. Initially, Chairman Lee set up a trade export company in Korea that sold fish, veggies, and fruit to China. Start from 1958, Samsung began to spread out into other industries such as media, fiscal, ship edifice and chemicals and Samsung Electronics was established under subordinate of Samsung Group in 1969. ( â€Å" Samsung History † ) The company so expanded to semiconductor concern and became the first chip-making installations in the state during that clip. Samsung Electronics focused on four countries which are digital media, semiconducting material, telecommunication web and LCD digital contraptions. ( â€Å" Wikipedia † , 2012 ) In 1993, the â€Å" lightest † nomadic phone of its epoch was developed. ( â€Å" Samsung History † ) Finally, it surpassed Sony to go universe ‘s twentieth-largest and most popular trade name. Samsung was the universe ‘s largest maker of OLEDs with 40 % market portion universes broad and 90 % portion of planetary AMOLED market. More than 600 American patents and 2800 international patent are owned by Samsung Electronics in 2006 that makes it as the largest proprietor of AMOLED engineering patents. The company besides became the second-largest mobile-phone shaper crushing Motorola in 2007 for the first clip. In 2009, it became universe ‘s largest engineering company catching Hewlett-Packard step by gross revenues. In 2010, it produces 30 nm-class DRAMs and 20 nm-class NAND flashes which were the first clip in the universe. At 2011, it is the universe ‘s largest Mobile phone shaper and second-largest semiconducting material bit shaper. Samsung Elec tronics became the largest smartphone seller due to gross revenues of Galaxy SII and Galaxy Note devices. ( â€Å" Wikipedia † , 2012 ) Contentss: Mechanistic organisation is a bureaucratic organisation which adheres to the chain-of-command rule, with each individual controlled and supervised by one higher-up. The construction of this organisation is taller than organic organisation. Besides, many regulations are developed and the determination devising procedure is centralized. Each employee has fixed responsibilities and the communicating channels are formalized in such stiff hierarchal relationship. Samsung Electronics is a type of mechanistic organisational construction because it has stiff hierarchal relationships. Figure 1: ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Figure 2: ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Figure 1 and figure 2 show the concatenation of bid in the company, which widening from upper organisational degrees to take down degree that clarifies who reports to whom. Figure 2 shows that there are tonss of sections under the control of Chief Executive Office. Employees have their fixed responsibilities in several section. For case, employees who are specialized in bring forthing french friess are working under french friess maker whereas employees who are extremely skilled in bring forthing nomadic phones are working under nomadic phone maker. ( Robbins, DeCenzo, and Coulter, 2012 ) These two figures besides clearly show that Samsung Electronics is composed of tall organisational construction. All of the powerful governments are held by the top direction of the company which is Lee Kun Hee, the president of the Samsung Electronics with the aid of the Office of Secretaries and sometimes referred to as â€Å" emperor direction † or â€Å" absolutism † . ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Office of Secretaries helped president to command and direct the single affiliates. Their chief map are finance and accounting, scrutinizing, planning, public dealingss, and human resource direction, including the hiring and fire of all executives within the organisation. Even the of import strategic determination and ample investing determination have to be examined by the office foremost. The per centum of determination made by the president is 20 % ; by Office of Secretaries is 40 % ; by affiliate presidents is 40 % . ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) In other word, all of the of import determinations are decided by the president, Office of Secretaries and affiliate presidents. As such, Samsung Electronics implement centralized determination authorization. The communicating channel of Samsung Electronics is formalized. Formalization describes how an organisation ‘s occupations are standardized and the extent to which employee behaviour is guided by regulations and processs. This component makes the procedure of sequence modus operandi and regular. Therefore, there will be minimum perturbation to an organisation map if there are people being replaced. In Samsung, the forces map is under CFO while CFO studies to and receives orders from CEO. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) For case, when the company needs to do an investing, the proposal is written by the related concern unit. Then, the proposal is reviewed by the finance section, which is so passed to finance squad of Office of Secretaries after CFO reports the proposal to CEO. Finally, the proposal is approved by Office of Secretaries and Chairman. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Many regulations could be found in Samsung Electronics and this lucifer with the feature of mechanistic organisation. Harmonizing to Samsung Electronics Global Code of Conduct, all the employees should follow the codifications and the concern rules to follow with Torahs and ethical patterns every bit good as to show their committedness to societal duty. ( Samsung Electronics Co. , Ltd. [ SECL ] , 2006 ) The planetary codification of behavior is served as behavioural guidelines and judgmental criterions for the employees, which encompass the riddance of nationality or gender favoritism, crystalline revelation of concern information, client information protection and spouse coaction. For illustration, harmonizing to principle 2-2-2 from the Global Code of Conduct, the company will guarantee that any proprietary information acquired through its concern activities shall be recorded and safely kept and managed as rational belongings. In 2011, zero-tolerance rule was declared in all instan ces of misconduct and unethical concern on â€Å" Law Day † . All employees and executives have to subscribe a pledge of conformity to hold of taking duty for any misdemeanor or misconduct. ( Soung, S. S. , Eui, H. J. , Dae, S. P. , Jin, Y. L. & A ; Yun, J. S. , 2012 ) Planning: Planing includes specifying ends, set uping scheme, and developing programs to organize activities. In Samsung, their vision is set by the top direction that is â€Å" Inspire the universe, create the hereafter † . This vision 2020 shows that their committedness in animating the universe by bettering their three key strengths which are â€Å" New Technology † , â€Å" Advanced Products † , â€Å" Creative Solutions † and besides promotes Samsung Electronics ‘ nucleus web which are industry, spouses and employees with the attempt to lend a better universe and with batch of experiences for all. Besides, Samsung besides aims to accomplish one of the top five trade names in the universe by 2020 and established three strategic attacks in direction which are creativeness, partnership and endowment. ( â€Å" Vision † , 1995-2012 ) ( â€Å" Vision † , 1995-2012 ) Leading: Leading includes actuating employees, directing the activities of others, choosing the most effectual communicating channel, and deciding struggles. Office of Secretaries takes the taking function in Samsung as they carry out coordination whenever there are struggles happen. ( Chnag, J. H. , 2010 ) However, the synergisms may be created via nonvoluntary cooperation or decree as the concern units have to accept its declaration. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Besides, the Secretarial Offices spread company doctrine and better concern coordination and information, which are shared among affiliates. ( Chnag, J. H. , 2010 ) The employees of this company are motivated by the doctrine of life by strong values is the key to good concern. Those values encompass people, excellence, alteration, unity and co-prosperity, together with the Samsung codification of behavior are the extremist for them to do every determination. ( â€Å" About Samsung † , 1995-2012 ) Organizing: Forming includes finding what undertakings are to be done, who is to make them, how the undertakings are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and who will do the determinations. Samsung Electronics has a strong concern division construction that is managed independently by concern unit directors. The company is divided into five sectors, which are Digital Media, Semiconductors, Telecommunications, Digital Appliances and LCDs. Within these sectors, there are 13 Global Business Managers ( GBM ) who responsible to form the house along major merchandise divisions in footings of forces, gross revenues, and production within their several divisions. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Employees are divided harmonizing to their specialize and accomplishments into different undertakings to increase work end product. ( Robbins et al. , 2012 ) Any proposal of investing that is written by GBM should be reviewed by the finance section, followed by CFO. Then, CFO reports to CEO. Finally, the proposal is appro ved by Office of Secretaries and Chairman. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Controlling: Controling includes monitoring public presentation, comparing it with ends, and rectifying any important divergences. In Samsung, the overall public presentations of BOD, CEO and employees are controlled by Audit Committee, which has a wide scope of audit right from top to bottom. ( â€Å" Ethical motives Management † , 1995-2008 ) For illustration, they have the right to ask about fiscal studies from the BOD and employees at any clip, the right to claim to suspend illegal activity of the company BOD member, the right to name a general stockholders ‘ meeting and so on. There are besides separate audit squads that under the direct control of CEO with the responsible of promoting employees to adhere to the pattern of direction by moralss. ( â€Å" Ethical motives Management † , 1995-2008 ) A ) What seem to be the most of import things taking to the success of the Samsung Electronicss? To be successful, Samsung Electronics is traveling planetary. Samsung Electronics is forcing the Galaxy S smartphone to dispute Apple Inc. ‘s iPhone and contract the spread with leader Nokia Oyj. It helped Samsung Electronics quadruplicate one-year gross to139 trillion won ( $ 116 million ) in the 10 old ages that ended in 2009. Samsung Electronics portions rose 10-fold during that clip. ( Lee, Y. , 2010 ) Besides, Samsung Electronics has the good planning accomplishments as they able to see the concern chance in the industry and set the peculiar ends to prosecute. They able to descry the countries, which are little but turning fast. ( â€Å" Samsung † , 2011 ) Such countries that spotted by Samsung are capital-intensive. Therefore, it is hard for their challengers to maintain up. First, Samsung will tippytoe into the engineering in the industry to acquire familiar with it. Then, they will wait for the suited minute that the ‘window of chance ‘ clears. For illustration, in 2001, Samsung catch the chance of rapid growing of the liquid-crystal shows that cause the honkytonk of the monetary value. They turned the liquid-crystal shows into telecastings. ( â€Å" Samsung † , 2011 ) Samsung Electronics is advanced in package and David Yoffie, a professor at Havard Business School in Boston said â€Å" Leading extremist invention in the engineering universe today requires strength in package, non merely hardware. † ( Lee, Y. , 2010 ) . Samsung Electronics has grown by analyzing their challengers to better fabrication and design. Samsung electronics besides hired a group of Nipponese Design Consultant to measure Samsung interior decorators. Besides, their experient interior decorators are sent to work abroad in diverse industries. By making this, Samsung design scheme could affect several enterprises and they began to implement a planetary trade name communicating scheme. As new engineerings are being invariably introduced to the market, Samsung engineers strive to understand what clients need in front of rivals and adjust their thought to develop original and advanced merchandises that will run into those demands every bit good as new engineerings to take the future market. Therefore, the new markets had pioneered continuously by them. ( Samsung Electronicss: Success By Design, 2008 ) B ) What do you see as the major challenges confronting by Samsung Electronics over the following five old ages? The major challenge that will be faced by Samsung Electronics over the following five old ages is how to construct a stronger and better planetary trade name. This is why the Samsung ‘s planetary selling manager need to measure in how to construct the planetary trade name repute of the company farther and upgrade the company ‘s worldwide trade name image to vie with Apple trade name which has dominated the market portion particularly in Western Europe. The challenge of Samsung ‘s selling manager is the branding schemes in planetary markets and the selling squad has to analyze the organisational kineticss to develop a stronger planetary trade name that recognized by worldwide. Another challenge that will be faced by Samsung Electronics is the competition over the market portion particularly in smart phone. In this fast paced economic conditions, Samsung need to go on bring forth more and more of the smart phone with improved version and attractive design to run into with the rapid economic growing. The company needs to put and present more of the new engineering and integrate the package and application into the new appliances so that it will non lose out to another rival. Invention and creativeness are of import in this to pull the appliance lover and if the company fails to come out with a new and appealing merchandise, they will be overcome by another rival such as Apple, HTC or Nokia. Findingss: Samsung electronics have a centralised construction doing the top direction own the governments and powers over all the of import determinations. This make the determination doing procedure fast and fleet and can transport out rapidly. In this manner, organisation is more efficient as execution of any programs, thoughts or policies can be carried out rapidly without any hold and this is really of import particularly to cover with the fast paced economic and competition in market. This is supported by a survey in diary by Choong Y.Lee. ( Choong, Y. L. , 2012 ) However, overly centralisation in organisation is besides non good for the company. All of the of import determinations are made by the top direction while the center and first line direction can non voice out their sentiments but to follow the order of the top. If the determination made by the top direction is wrong, it can impact the company concern and therefore take downing the company net incomes. Therefore, a good leading is of import to take the company. This is supported by the professor Chang Sea-Jin which stated there is no warrant that good leader will prolong and even they can do error as good in his book reappraisal. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Samsung Electronicss are holding hierarchal direction construction which reflects the importance of senior status in the Korean civilization. The hierarchal construction brings synergism when things are traveling good but could potentially be black if one portion of the procedure goes off from planned. ( Kim, J.C. , 2012 ) This is supported by Professor John Kotter in his article â€Å" Havard Business Review † that hierarchal organizational are frequently inflexible. Hierarchical organisation work in standardised procedures but does non utile in dynamic environments. They are slow to respond to new chances, which frequently require transformative alteration. ( Basu, C. , 2012 ) Besides, harmonizing to research workers G.M. Stalker and T. Burns, mechanistic organisations use hierarchal top-down constructions while organic organisations use more flexible constructions and work best in fluid and unpredictable concern climates.A Organic structures depend on personal interactions instead than a formal concatenation of bid that allow the organisation to react rapidly and efficaciously to altering fortunes in ways that the hierarchal construction can non. Samsung Electronics should do it concern to understand such construction so that it can hold the benefits of both. ( Thompson, S. , 2012 ) Samsung Electronics has many regulations and ordinances that are governed by the top directors of the organisation. When the top directors are unable to command the lower-level activities, they themselves will replace the regulations and ordinances. Since they have the authorization to engage and fire the executives and employees in the organisation anytime, the employees have to accept the undertakings given by the directors and follow whatever they said. Employees are invariably observed and monitored by top directors during their on the job period to guarantee that they are non doing any errors or go againsting the regulations. Consequently, weariness are accumulated when employees are working under such great force per unit areas that known as organisational weariness. Furthermore, employees of Samsung Electronicss have to follow the Global Code of Conduct, which consists of a figure of rules. ( SECL, 2006 ) For case, under rule 1-4-1, it stated that 'employees shall non impute their personal political sentiments and behavior to the company, or do such sentiments or behavior to be attributed to the company ‘ . Besides, rule 2-4-3 showed that ‘the company will non let its officers and employees, while in office, to move as figure of boards of company with struggles of involvement or take part in competitory concern activities. ‘ ( SECL, 2006 ) There are still a big sum of regulations and rules that the employees should follow with and that can be referred from the Global Code of Conduct, 2006. The direction of Samsung Electronics is known as ‘fear-based direction ‘ . The employees have to be loyal to their company in order to remain in the company. However, organisational weariness will convey negative effects to the company. If the employees or executives are dismissed against their volitions for any grounds by the top directors such as the president or the Office of Secretaries, their choler will take to their treachery and loss their trueness. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) There were several instances on which the employees of Samsung Electronics tried to sell the proprietary engineerings to Samsung ‘s rivals and to other companies. ( Chang, S. J. , 2008 ) Decision: In a nutshell, Samsung Electronics has a mechanistic organisational construction as it has stiff hierarchal relationships and tall organisational construction. In the company, each employee has fixed responsibilities and they have to follow tonss of regulations. Besides, the determination devising procedure is centralized and the communicating channel is formalized. In Samsung, the ends or visions are planned by the top direction. Office of Secretaries takes the taking function as they responsible to work out the struggles every bit good as aid the president to command and direct the single affiliates. Besides, they besides spread the company doctrine to actuate the employees. Samsung Electronics is divided into Digital Media, Semiconductors, Telecommunications, Digital Appliances and LCDs, which are managed by concern unit directors. The overall public presentations of Samsung Electronics organisation are controlled by Audit Committee. In this assignment, we have learned the features of the two types of organisational constructions, which are mechanistic organisation and organic organisation that concern the work specialisation, departmentalization, authorization and responsible, centralisation and decentalisation, span of control and formalisation. After analysing these factors and seeking all the related information of Samsung Electronics, we could reason that this company is a mechanistic organisation. Therefore, our analysing ability could be strengthen when carry out this assignment. Besides, we have a better apprehension to acknowledge and distinguish these two organisation theoretical accounts. Furthermore, more cognition about this company could be gained during the research.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Prepare and Maintain Learning Environments

TDA 2. 12 1. 1 – Health and Safety – learning environments. The school has a strict policy that describes the needs of keeping children safe within their learning environment. It is not only important that children are safe in school but also that they feel safe themselves – this creates a comfortable place to work. It is important that children are safe when playing outdoors therefore the main front gate is kept locked when children are in the playground and only the teacher on duty holds a key. Safety indoor is manned by the site manager who performs some daily checks and some weekly checks on the various equipment. The site manager’s job is to ensure that the school building is free from hazards and obstructions as this will prevent children from having any unnecessary accidents. It is the teacher’s responsibility and our responsibility to make sure that the classroom is free from hazards as there are many risks that could occur. There is a general classroom risk assessment updated every month in order to avoid accidents. 1. 4 If using any safety equipment in my lessons, I would always ensure that this was properly set up and safe to use. I would test it myself by using the manufacturer’s guide, I would ask another member of staff if I still wasn’t sure. 2. 4 As our school is ‘eco-friendly’, we have many different recycling wastes in progress. One of these is paper recycling where any waste paper including mistaken printing/photocopying can be reused. Another recycling operation we have is food waste, excess food from the school canteen and fruit cores and skins from the children is all put into a separate bin. Other recycling includes bottles, plastic and general waste. 3. 2 The physical environment is constantly practiced as it is an on-going procedure within school. Maintenance of health and safety of the children is taken care of in many ways i. e. a child/ a group of children are never left on their own, gates are always locked around the school and children cannot open front door or back doors without the help of an adult. Only members off staff are able to enter the building using the thumb print security system. Areas are always made to ensure that children and adults are comfortable in their learning/working environment. In the winter, central heating is on and in the summer windows can be opened to let in fresh air. Spare raincoats and willies are provided for children (and adults) without during outdoor learning. Most discomforts that a child may complain about can be sorted using the equipment and staff in the school. On-going activities will have been pre-planned and therefore the best space to do the activity in will have already been allocated by the class teacher or whoever has prepared the activity. For example P. E. ctivities would be best done outside as there is plenty of room (and fresh air) however if it is raining the sports sessions would then be done in the hall. The area the activity takes place in would also depend on the size of the class or group taking part. The children within the group would also need to be taken into consideration, for example are there any children that have disabilities which would hinder their performance if they were taken outside. Also blind/deaf children , the activities in the area would be adapted to ensure ease for everyone.

MHS Reflection

The most impressive part is having interview with one of the employees-Yin Pong. She is an ex-mentally ill person but she is confident and cheerful. During the interview, she repeatedly expresses that she enjoys working in bakery and feels an immense gratitude that she can be employed. At that moment, I think the role of social enterprises is essential in Hong Kong society as they can provide opportunities of self-reliance to the disadvantaged. In Hong Kong, many disadvantaged are seeking for these helps and it can also decrease the ruder of the families and society.I find that their products are valuable although the prices of the products are quite expensive as they use high quality of ingredients for their baking to achieve quality assurance. It is also an essential element helping them to compete in the market. Besides, I appreciate the spirit of bakery. They hope their customers keep patronizing are because of the appreciation of their baked product, but not the sympathy for the employees with disabilities or the support to their organization (Ting Way Group of Hospitals).The employees completely get good senses of fulfillment from successful work. It is no doubt that training employees with disabilities is a difficult job as they need to give much patience, care and time for their employees. To help bakery to survive in the market, it is not just their well-handled management, but also their selflessness to employees. The role of social enterprises is one of the steps to lead Hong Kong to be a caring socio ¶y'. Our supports are dispensable.